Poland – Tatra Caves & Sumps
The Polish Tatras hold the country's deepest and longest caves, and several of them end in sumps that Polish cave divers have pushed since the 1950s. Kasprowa Niżnia has one of the longest chains of deep sumps in Poland, Miętusia has deep technical sumps, and the vast Wielka Śnieżna system ends in sumps more than 780 m below the entrance. All lie inside Tatra National Park (TPN), where caving is only allowed in designated caves for card- or licence-holders who register the trip, and any diving or exploration needs a separate park permit. The water is about 4 °C and the sumps are reached only after long, vertical caving. Jaskinia Bystrej is sealed and closed to everyone.